Fallacy
Circular Reasoning
Use the conclusion as a premise for itself, dressed up as a separate reason.
The conclusion, restated as its own proof
Use the conclusion as a premise for itself, dressed up as a separate reason.
Example
"The Bible is true because it says so, and the Bible is never wrong."
Circular reasoning restates the conclusion as though it were independent supporting evidence. Stripped of its wording, the “reason” and the “conclusion” say the same thing.
It’s easy to miss because the two statements are usually phrased differently, making the repetition sound like two separate points.
Test it by replacing the conclusion with “X” everywhere it appears. If the “evidence” also collapses to “X is true because X,” it’s circular.