Library

Browse every technique, or search for one.

Search the register

Showing 19 of 19 specimens.

No.SpecimenDivisionEvidence

No. 01Ad HominemAttack the person making the argument instead of the argument itself.Fallacy2 examples
No. 02AnchoringLet the first number you see shape every judgement that follows, even when it's arbitrary.Cognitive bias1 example
No. 03Appeal to AuthorityTreat a claim as true mainly because someone with status said it, not because of the evidence.FallacyNo examples yet
No. 04Appeal to EmotionUse fear, pity, or outrage to win agreement instead of evidence.Fallacy1 example
No. 05Availability HeuristicJudge how common or risky something is by how easily an example comes to mind, not by the actual rate.Cognitive bias1 example
No. 06Bandwagon EffectBelieve something is more likely to be true because a lot of other people believe it.Cognitive biasNo examples yet
No. 07Circular ReasoningUse the conclusion as a premise for itself, dressed up as a separate reason.FallacyNo examples yet
No. 08Confirmation BiasNotice and remember evidence that confirms what you already believe, and overlook what doesn't.Cognitive biasNo examples yet
No. 09Dunning-Kruger EffectThe less someone knows about a topic, the worse they tend to be at judging their own knowledge of it.Cognitive bias1 example
No. 10False DilemmaPresent only two options when more actually exist.Fallacy2 examples
No. 11False EquivalencePresent two things as morally or logically equal when their scale is very different.Rhetorical trick4 examples
No. 12Gish GallopFire off so many weak claims so fast that no one has time to rebut them properly.Rhetorical trick1 example
No. 13Loaded QuestionAsk a question that already assumes something the other person hasn't agreed to.Rhetorical trickNo examples yet
No. 14Motte-and-BaileyDefend an easy, modest claim while actually arguing for a bold, controversial one.Rhetorical trick2 examples
No. 15Moving the GoalpostsRaise the bar for proof each time the current bar gets met.Rhetorical trick1 example
No. 16Slippery SlopeClaim one small step inevitably leads to an extreme outcome, without showing why.Fallacy1 example
No. 17StrawmanArgue against a distorted version of the claim instead of the real one.Fallacy4 examples
No. 18Sunk Cost FallacyKeep going with something because of what you've already invested, not because it's still worth it.Cognitive bias1 example
No. 19WhataboutismDeflect criticism by pointing at someone else's unrelated wrongdoing.Rhetorical trick4 examples

Key

Fallacies
Rhetorical tricks
Cognitive biases